Bullion API calculation using Economic and Social Research Institute, Cabinet Office, Government of Japan General Government Gross Debt and Quarterly Estimates of GDP data.
Bullion API calculation using Accountant-General’s Department and Monetary Authority of Singapore government debt and Singapore Department of Statistics nominal GDP, via data.gov.sg.
Bullion API calculation using U.S. Department of the Treasury, Bureau of the Fiscal Service data via FRED and U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis data.
Bullion API calculation using Statistics Norway (SSB).
Bullion API calculation using Australian Bureau of Statistics Government Finance Statistics, Annual and Australian National Accounts data.
Bullion API calculation using Qatar Ministry of Finance and National Planning Council data. The debt-to-GDP ratio is calculated by Bullion API and is not published by either source.